What are the Motivators and Deterrents that Contribute to Women's Decision to Cycle as a Mode of Transportation: Exploring Gender Differences in Cycling Behaviour

Abstract

This qualitative analysis compares multiple-choice and open-ended questionnaires from women cyclists in Vancouver, British Columbia to evaluate the gender differences in cycling behaviour within the city.   Using grounded theory methodology, responders described a wide array of gender influenced cycling patterns. Differences in women’s cycling motives and deterrents varied with perceptions of physical and emotional safety, the destinations and expected appearance, amount of household errands, fear of bicycle theft, and whether the purchase of an e-bike was economically viable.  While some incentives for cycling could be attributed to both men and women, a number of motivations and deterrents were gender-biased.  One of the predominant issues for determining gendered experiences in community spaces like cycling routes is the perception of fear.  Women responders often shared situations of aggressive behaviours from both drivers and cyclists as a significant impediment for cycling.  The data revealed that perceptions of emotional and psychological well-being had a significant influence on women’s cycling behaviours.   Research on gender and cycling has often found that perceptions of safety have had a significant impact on rates of women cyclists.  However, safety is often categorized as feeling physically safe and separated from vehicles.  This research has found that perceptions of emotional and psychosocial safety also have an impact on gendered experiences along cycling routes.  To increase the rates of female cyclists and achieve gender-balanced cycling behaviours, it is essential to consider the differences in the gendered experiences of community spaces.  Perceptions of safety, belonging, and inclusion will often differ between men and women.  Municipalities will need to consider diverse and inclusive use of space; and, integrate gendered perspectives along cycling routes.  

Keywords: Gendered cycling, cycling safety, women and cycling, gendered community spaces